[[Meaning of news]]

Explores the concept of how information conveys meaning to the receiver, emphasizing the role of prior knowledge and experiences in semantic decoding.

[[Relations]]

Defines relations as connections between sets, describing them using Cartesian products, matrices, and graphs. Relations can be binary, homogeneous, or inversed, and are used to express logical relationships between elements.

[[Data]]

Explains data as encoded information that holds meaning, created through abstraction, and represented by variables in programming. It covers data types like logical, integer, float, array, and structures.

[[XML]]

XML: A flexible, text-based meta-language used to describe data structures, allowing users to define custom tags.

[[XML 2]]

Expands on XML concepts with examples, covering special characters, CDATA sections, namespaces, and the importance of well-formed documents for syntactic validation by XML interpreters.

[[DTD]]

Defines the structure and constraints of XML documents, allowing syntactic validation. DTD can specify element types, sequences, and attributes, ensuring that XML data follows a prescribed format.