tanszek:oktatas:techcomm:nutcracker_assembly_tutorial
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| tanszek:oktatas:techcomm:nutcracker_assembly_tutorial [2026/11/08 17:28] – created kissa | tanszek:oktatas:techcomm:nutcracker_assembly_tutorial [2026/11/08 17:39] (current) – [Set movement limits] kissa | ||
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| - | Click insert (1.), select | + | ====== Nutcracker Assembly Tutorial ====== |
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| + | In this tutorial, we will assemble a nutcracker in **Onshape**. The parts have already been modeled. Our goal is to connect them using different types of **Mates** and make sure the mechanism can move correctly. | ||
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| + | A Mate defines how two parts are connected and how they can move relative to each other. We will use **Fastened**, **Revolute**, | ||
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| + | ===== 1. Insert the parts ===== | ||
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| + | Open the **Assembly** tab. Start by inserting | ||
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| + | - Click **Insert** | ||
| + | - Select **Base** from the list of available parts (2). | ||
| + | - Accept | ||
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| - | A Base alkatrészt le kell rögzíteni, | + | The Base will be the stationary part of our assembly. Right-click **Base** in the Instances list and select **Fix**. This prevents it from moving or rotating when we add the other parts. |
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| - | Az Insert | + | Use **Insert** again to add all the other parts. Insert one instance of each part, except for **Connection**, which must be inserted **twice**. You can place the parts anywhere in the graphics area for now; the Mates will position them correctly. |
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| - | A fix alkatrészekhez a Fastened mate-t fogjuk használni | + | ===== 2. Attach the fixed parts (Fastened Mate) ===== |
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| + | First, we will attach the parts that should not move relative to the Base. | ||
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| + | A **Fastened Mate** joins two parts rigidly. It prevents all relative movement: the parts cannot slide or rotate independently. We will use it to attach **Hinge**, **Cylinder**, | ||
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| - | Nézzük meg a működését a Hinge alkatrészen! Szükséges kiválasztani két összeillesztendő pontot a 2 " | + | Let's start with **Hinge**: |
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| + | - Activate **Fastened Mate**. | ||
| + | - Select the connection point on **Hinge**, as shown below. | ||
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| - | Majd a Base alkatrészen: | + | - Select the matching connection point on **Base**. |
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| - | Ha az illesztés helyes, fogadjuk el a fastened mate eredményét: | + | Onshape uses **Mate connectors** to align the parts. A Mate connector is a small local coordinate system that defines the position and direction of the connection. When you hover over a face or a circular edge, Onshape can show a suitable connector automatically. |
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| + | Check the position and orientation of Hinge. If everything looks correct, click the **green checkmark** to accept the Mate. | ||
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| - | Ismételjük meg ugyanezen lépéseket a többi fix alkatrészhez is (cylinder, adjuster base), a következő eredményt kell kapnunk: | + | Repeat the same procedure to attach **Cylinder** and **Adjuster Base** to Base. These parts should now remain fixed in place. |
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| - | A Handle | + | ===== 3. Attach the Handle (Revolute Mate) ===== |
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| + | The **Handle** must rotate around the **Hinge**. For this connection, we will use a **Revolute Mate**. | ||
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| + | A Revolute Mate allows rotation around **one axis** but prevents other relative movements. It works like a simple hinge: the connected parts stay together, but one can rotate around the joint. | ||
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| - | A Revolute | + | - Activate **Revolute |
| + | - Select the center of the lower connection hole on **Handle**. | ||
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| - | Majd a hinge illeszkedő lyukára: | + | - Select the matching hole on **Hinge**. |
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| - | Amennyiben az illesztés iránya helytelen, a Z tengelyt könnyen megfordíthatjuk a screenshoton látható gombok bármelyikével: | + | Check the position of Handle before accepting the Mate. If the parts face the wrong direction, use **Flip primary axis** to reverse the Mate connector' |
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| - | A Piston | + | Accept the Mate, then drag Handle to check that it rotates around the intended axis. |
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| + | ===== 4. Add the sliding parts (Slider Mate) ===== | ||
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| + | The **Piston** and **Adjuster** need to move in straight lines. We will use **Slider | ||
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| + | A **Slider Mate** allows movement along **one axis** and prevents relative rotation. Imagine a drawer moving along a rail: it can move forward and backward, but it cannot turn freely. | ||
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| - | Először válasszuk ki a slidinghoz tartozó axist a mozgó akatrészen (jelen esetben az adjusteren): | + | First, connect **Adjuster** to **Adjuster Base**: |
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| + | - Activate **Slider Mate**. | ||
| + | - Select the Mate connector on the moving part, **Adjuster**. Make sure its axis follows the intended sliding direction. | ||
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| - | Majd a rögzített alkatrészen (adjuster base): | + | - Select the matching Mate connector on the stationary part, **Adjuster Base**. |
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| - | Szükség esetén szintén alkalmazzuk a Flip primary axis gombot az adjuster megfelelő irányba igazításához: | + | If Adjuster faces the wrong direction, use **Flip primary axis** to reverse the Z axis of the Mate connector. |
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| - | Hogy a mozgó alkatrészek ne tudjanak illegális pozíciókba lépni, korlátozhatjuk a mozgásukat | + | ==== Set movement limits ==== |
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| + | Without limits, a Slider | ||
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| + | You can drag the part to test its movement | ||
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| - | Az adjuster esetén a helyes értékek: min Z: 0, max Z: 2 inch: | + | For the **Adjuster** in this example, use the following values: |
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| + | * **Minimum | ||
| + | * **Maximum | ||
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| + | These values allow Adjuster to move within the intended range. Check that it moves in the correct direction and stops at the limits. | ||
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| - | A connection-öket 2 kényszer, a Planar | + | Use another **Slider |
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| + | ===== 5. Attach the first Connection part ===== | ||
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| + | The two **Connection** parts link the movement of Handle to Piston. Because these parts form a **closed mechanical loop**, we need to choose the Mates carefully. | ||
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| + | In this example, we will use a combination of **Planar** and **Cylindrical** Mates. These allow the required movement without adding unnecessary restrictions. | ||
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| + | ==== 5.1. Align Connection with Handle | ||
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| + | A **Planar Mate** keeps two selected planes aligned while allowing movement **within the plane** and rotation **around the plane' | ||
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| + | Here, we use it to keep Connection correctly aligned with the side of Handle. | ||
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| - | Először ki kell választani a connection egy lapját: | + | - Activate **Planar Mate**. |
| + | - Select the appropriate flat face on **Connection**. | ||
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| - | Majd a handle megfelelő lapját: | + | - Select the corresponding face on **Handle**. |
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| - | Hibás illesztés esetén használjuk a Flip primary axis funkciót! | + | Check the alignment. If the faces are oriented incorrectly, |
| - | Ezen kívül a handle és a connection összekötéséhez használjuk a cylindrical mate-t | + | ==== 5.2. Connect Connection to Handle |
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| + | Next, we will define the joint between Connection and Handle. | ||
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| + | A **Cylindrical Mate** allows **two movements** around the same axis: rotation around the axis and translation along it. It is less restrictive than a Revolute Mate, which allows rotation only. | ||
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| - | Először válasszuk ki a connection | + | - Activate **Cylindrical Mate**. |
| + | - Select the connection | ||
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| - | Majd a handle kapcsolódó pontját: | + | - Select the matching connection point on **Handle**. |
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| - | Ha mindent jól csináltunk, | + | Accept the Mate. Connection should now be aligned with Handle and able to rotate around the selected hole. The Planar Mate helps keep it in the correct plane. |
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| - | Válasszuk újra a cylindrical mate-t (1.), majd vlasszuk ki a connection még nem bekötött illesztőlyukának belső körét | + | ==== 5.3. Connect the other end to Piston ==== |
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| + | Now connect the free end of Connection to **Piston**: | ||
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| + | - Select the inside circular edge of the free hole on **Connection** | ||
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| - | Válasszuk ki a kapcsolódó lyuk megfelelő végét a piston-on: | + | |
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| - | Fogadjuk el a cylindrical mate eredményét a zöld pipával! | + | Check the result and accept the Mate using the **green checkmark**. |
| - | Végül ismételjük meg az előző lépéseket | + | **Why not use only Revolute Mates?** In a closed mechanism, several Mates may restrict the same movement. This can create redundant or conflicting constraints, |
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| + | ===== 6. Attach the second Connection part ===== | ||
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| + | Repeat the previous steps for the **second Connection** instance: | ||
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| + | - Use a **Planar Mate** to align it with the appropriate side of Handle. | ||
| + | - Use a **Cylindrical Mate** to connect its first hole to Handle. | ||
| + | - Use another **Cylindrical Mate** to connect its other hole to Piston. | ||
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| + | Make sure both Connection parts are positioned correctly and do not cross or overlap unexpectedly. The completed assembly should look similar to the example below. | ||
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| + | ===== 7. Check the completed assembly ===== | ||
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| + | Before finishing, test the mechanism: | ||
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| + | - **Base**, **Hinge**, **Cylinder**, | ||
| + | - **Handle** should rotate around Hinge. | ||
| + | - **Piston** should slide inside Cylinder. | ||
| + | - **Adjuster** should slide within its defined limits. | ||
| + | - Both **Connection** parts should follow the movement of Handle and Piston. | ||
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| + | Drag Handle slowly and observe the other parts. If the mechanism does not move correctly, check the selected Mate connectors, the axis directions, and any Mate errors in the feature list. | ||
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| + | **Important: | ||
tanszek/oktatas/techcomm/nutcracker_assembly_tutorial.1794158911.txt.gz · Last modified: by kissa
